KMID : 0361920200500030197
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Korean Journal of Orthodontics 2020 Volume.50 No. 3 p.197 ~ p.205
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Estimation of the prevalence of malocclusion on the basis of nationwide oral health examinations of pre-adolescent and adolescent students during 2012?2017
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Hong Mi-Hee
Kyung Hee-Moon Park Hyo-Sang Yu Won-Jae Baek Seung-Hak
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Abstract
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Objective: To investigate the prevalence of malocclusion with respect to grade, sex, and year among Korean pre-adolescent and adolescent students during 2012?2017.
Methods: A total of 165,996 students (first grade [E1, 6?7 years of age], fourth grade [E4, 9?10 years], seventh grade [M1, 12?13 years], and tenth grade [H1, 15?16 years]) were selected by stratified sampling method and underwent the nationwide oral health examination performed by the Ministry of Education, Republic of Korea. The malocclusion assessments based on dentists¡¯ judgments were ¡°no malocclusion,¡± ¡°needs orthodontic treatment (N-OTx),¡± and ¡°under orthodontic treatment (U-OTx).¡± The sum of N-OTx and U-OTx cases was determined as the number of students with malocclusion. After analyzing the prevalence of malocclusion according to grade, sex, and year-by-year differences, Pearson correlation analyses and two-way analyses of variance were performed.
Results: The prevalence of malocclusion was 18.7%, which increased with the grades (E1 [8.3%] < E4 [15.8%] < M1 [22.9%] < H1 [25.3%], p < 0.001). However, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of malocclusion in each grade group for the period (p > 0.05) without significant correlation (E1, ¥ñ = 0.129; E4, ¥ñ = ?0.495; M1, ¥ñ = 0.406; H1, ¥ñ = ?0.383; all p > 0.05). The prevalence of malocclusion within each grade group over the six-year period was more prominent in the female (p < 0.0001).
Conclusions: Further studies are necessary to modify the malocclusion assessment method to account for specific types of malocclusion in pre-adolescent and adolescent students.
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KEYWORD
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Prevalence of malocclusion, Nationwide oral health examination, Malocclusion assessment, Preadolescent and adolescent students
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